Male Infertility

Low sperm counts, abnormal sperm morphology (shape), and low sperm motility are usually asymptomatic conditions to most males. Most cases of low sperm counts are "idiopathic" or unexplained. Some cases are associated with a swollen varicose vein in the scrotum, called a varicocele.

Some simple abnormalities may be improved by reducing stress, reducing heat to the genitals (e.g. avoidance of tight clothing, saunas or hot tubs), or by changing harmful lifestyle habits (avoiding tobacco, alcohol, or drugs such as marijuana). Short-term illnesses, significant stressful periods, and some medications may temporarily affect sperm counts. The following causes of male infertility should be investigated: